Which of the following is an example of a preventable illness?

Cardiovascular diseases are often considered preventable illnesses due to their strong association with lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. Many cardiovascular conditions, including heart disease and stroke, can be significantly reduced with interventions focused on modifying these risk factors. For instance, adopting a healthier diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and quitting smoking are proven strategies that can lower the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

While other conditions listed, such as cancer and certain infectious diseases like AIDS, can sometimes have elements of prevention through lifestyle changes or public health measures, they are often influenced by a range of genetic and environmental factors that are not entirely within one's control. Alzheimer's disease, similarly, is largely linked to genetics and age, with currently limited preventive measures available. Therefore, the distinction lies in the fact that cardiovascular diseases are particularly linked with modifiable risk factors, making them more preventable through proactive health management.